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NEW QUESTION # 40
Which two of the following phrases are 'objectives' in relation to a first-party audit?
- A. Update the management policy
- B. Confirm the scope of the management system is accurate
- C. Apply international standards
- D. Prepare the audit report for the certification body
- E. Complete the audit on time
- F. Apply Regulatory requirements
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
A first-party audit is an internal audit conducted by the organization itself or by an external party on its behalf. The objectives of a first-party audit are to: 12
* Confirm the scope of the management system is accurate, i.e., it covers all the processes, activities, locations, and functions that are relevant to the information security objectives and requirements of the organization.
* Update the management policy, i.e., review and revise the policy statement, roles and responsibilities, and objectives and targets of the information security management system (ISMS) based on the audit findings and feedback.
The other phrases are not objectives of a first-party audit, but rather:
* Apply international standards: This is a requirement for the ISMS, not an objective of the audit. The ISMS must conform to the ISO/IEC 27001 standard and any other applicable standards or regulations12
* Prepare the audit report for the certification body: This is an activity of a third-party audit, not a first-party audit. A third-party audit is an external audit conducted by an independent certification body to verify the conformity and effectiveness of the ISMS and to issue a certificate of compliance12
* Complete the audit on time: This is a performance indicator, not an objective of the audit. The audit
* should be completed within the planned time frame and budget, but this is not the primary purpose of the audit12
* Apply regulatory requirements: This is also a requirement for the ISMS, not an objective of the audit. The ISMS must comply with the legal and contractual obligations of the organization regarding information security12 References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 41
An employee caught with offense of abusing the internet, such as P2P file sharing or video/audio streaming, will not receive a warning for committing such act but will directly receive an IR.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
An employee caught with offense of abusing the internet, such as P2P file sharing or video/audio streaming, will not receive a warning for committing such act but will directly receive an IR, because this is a violation of the organization's information security policy and acceptable use policy. An IR (incident report) is a formal document that records the details of an information security incident and the actions taken to resolve it. An IR may also trigger disciplinary actions against the employee, depending on the severity and impact of the incident. Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], [ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements], Example of an information security policy, Example of an acceptable use policy
NEW QUESTION # 42
A member of staff denies sending a particular message.
Which reliability aspect of information is in danger here?
- A. integrity
- B. availability
- C. correctness
- D. confidentiality
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The reliability aspect of information that is in danger when a member of staff denies sending a particular message is integrity. Integrity implies that information is authentic and can be verified as such. If a member of staff denies sending a message, it means that either the message was forged or the sender is lying, both of which violate the integrity of the information. Availability, correctness and confidentiality are not directly affected by this scenario. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines integrity as "property of accuracy and completeness" (see clause 3.24). References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Integrity?
NEW QUESTION # 43
What is social engineering?
- A. Creating a situation wherein a third party gains confidential information from you
- B. The organization planning an activity for welfare of the neighborhood
- C. A group planning for a social activity in the organization
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Social engineering is a technique that involves creating a situation wherein a third party gains confidential information from you by manipulating your trust or exploiting your weaknesses. Social engineering can take various forms, such as phishing emails, phone calls, impersonation, or baiting. Social engineering is a common threat to information security, as it targets the human factor rather than the technical defenses. References: :
CQI & IRCA ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Course Handbook, page 26. : ISO/IEC 27001 LEAD AUDITOR
- PECB, page 13.
NEW QUESTION # 44
You are conducting an ISMS audit in the despatch department of an international logistics organisation that provides shipping services to large organisations including local hospitals and government offices. Parcels typically contain pharmaceutical products, biological samples, and documents such as passports and driving licences. You note that the company records show a very large number of returned items with causes including misaddressed labels and, in 15% of cases, two or more labels for different addresses for the one package. You are interviewing the Shipping Manager (SM).
You: Are items checked before being dispatched?
SM: Any obviously damaged items are removed by the duty staff before being dispatched, but the small profit margin makes it uneconomic to implement a formal checking process.
You: What action is taken when items are returned?
SM: Most of these contracts are relatively low value, therefore it has been decided that it is easier and more convenient to simply reprint the label and re-send individual parcels than it is to implement an investigation.
You raise a nonconformity against ISO 27001:2022 based on the lack of control of the labelling process.
At the closing meeting, the Shipping Manager issues an apology to you that his comments may have been misunderstood. He says that he did not realise that there is a background IT process that automatically checks that the right label goes onto the right parcel otherwise the parcel is ejected at labelling. He asks that you withdraw your nonconformity.
Select three options of the correct responses that you as the audit team leader would make to the request of the Shipping Manager.
- A. Thank the Shipping Manager for his honesty but advise that withdrawing the nonconformity is not the right way to proceed
- B. Inform him of your understanding and withdraw the nonconformity
- C. Advise management that the new information provided will be discussed when the auditors have more time
- D. Inform the Shipping Manager that the nonconformity is minor and should be quickly corrected
- E. Advise the Shipping Manager that the nonconformity must stand since the evidence obtained for it was dear
- F. Ask the audit team members to state what they think should happen
- G. Indicate that the nonconformity is evidence of a deeper system failure that needs to be rectified
- H. Advise the Shipping Manager that his request will be included in the audit report
Answer: A,C,H
Explanation:
A) Advise the Shipping Manager that his request will be included in the audit report. This is true because the audit report should document all the relevant information and evidence related to the audit, including any requests or objections raised by the auditee. The audit report should also provide the rationale for the audit conclusions and recommendations12.
B) Advise management that the new information provided will be discussed when the auditors have more time. This is true because the auditors should not make hasty decisions based on incomplete or unverified information. The auditors should review and evaluate the new information in a systematic and objective manner, and determine whether it affects the audit findings, nonconformities, or conclusions12.
F) Thank the Shipping Manager for his honesty but advise that withdrawing the nonconformity is not the right way to proceed. This is true because the auditors should acknowledge and appreciate the cooperation and transparency of the auditee, but also maintain their professional integrity and independence. The auditors should not withdraw a nonconformity unless they are satisfied that it was raised in error or that it has been effectively corrected and verified12.
Reference:
ISO 19011:2022 Guidelines for auditing management systems
ISO/IEC 17021-1:2022 Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 45
Select the words that best complete the sentence below to describe audit resources:
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
According to ISO 19011:2018, clause 5.3, the person responsible for managing the audit programme should determine the resources necessary for the audit programme, such as the audit team members, the budget, the time, the tools, etc. The audit resources should be sufficient and appropriate to ensure the quality and effectiveness of the audit programme and the audit results. The audit resources include the following elements12:
* Essential resources: These are the resources that are required to conduct the audit programme and the individual audits, such as the audit documents, the audit methods, the audit tools, the audit schedule, the audit budget, etc. The essential resources should be identified and allocated based on the audit objectives, scope, and criteria, and the availability and cooperation of the auditee. The essential resources should also be reviewed and updated as necessary to reflect any changes or deviations in the audit programme or the individual audits.
* Competent personnel: These are the audit team members who have the appropriate knowledge, skills, and experience to conduct the audit effectively and efficiently, and to provide credible and reliable audit results and recommendations. The competent personnel should include the audit team leader, the auditors, and any technical experts or observers who support the audit team. The competent personnel should be selected and appointed based on the audit objectives, scope, and criteria, and the specific competence requirements for the audit programme and the individual audits. The competent personnel
* should also be independent and impartial, and avoid any conflicts of interest or self-interest that may affect the audit results or the audit decisions.
References:
* ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems, clause 5.3
* PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 19
NEW QUESTION # 46
Four types of Data Classification (Choose two)
- A. Unrestricted Data, Highly Confidential Data
- B. Restricted Data, Confidential Data
- C. Financial Data, Highly Confidential Data
- D. Project Data, Highly Confidential Data
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
Two types of data classification are restricted data and unrestricted data. Restricted data is data that has a high level of sensitivity or confidentiality, and requires strict protection from unauthorized access, disclosure, modification or destruction. Examples of restricted data include personal data, financial data, trade secrets, intellectual property, etc. Unrestricted data is data that has a low level of sensitivity or confidentiality, and can be freely accessed, disclosed, modified or destroyed without significant consequences. Examples of unrestricted data include public information, marketing materials, general news, etc. Data classification is a process of assigning categories or labels to data based on its value, sensitivity, criticality and legal requirements. Data classification helps to determine the appropriate level of security controls and handling procedures for different types of data. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to classify information in terms of legal requirements, value, criticality and sensitivity to unauthorized disclosure or modification (see clause A.8.2.1). References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Data Classification?
NEW QUESTION # 47
Select the words that best complete the sentence:
"The purpose of maintaining regulatory compliance in a management system is to To complete the sentence with the best word(s), click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2013, clause 5.2, the top management of an organization must establish, implement and maintain an information security policy that is appropriate to the purpose of the organization and provides a framework for setting information security objectives. The information security policy must also include a commitment to comply with the applicable legal, regulatory and contractual requirements, as well as any other requirements that the organization subscribes to. Therefore, maintaining regulatory compliance is part of fulfilling the management system policy and ensuring its effectiveness and suitability. References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clause 5.2 PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 10 ISO 27001 Policy: How to write it according to ISO 27001
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which two of the following actions are the individual(s) managing the audit programme responsible for?
- A. Keping informed the accreditation body on the progress of the audit programme
- B. Determining the resources necessary for the audit programme
- C. Defining the objectives, scope and criteria for an individual audit
- D. Determining the legal requirements applicable to each audit
- E. Defining the plan of an individual audit
- F. Communicating with the auditee during the audit
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Establishing the audit programme objectives, scope and criteria
Determining the resources necessary for the audit programme, such as the audit team members, the budget, the time, the tools, etc.
Selecting and appointing the audit team leaders and auditors
Reviewing and approving the audit plans and arrangements
Ensuring the effective communication and coordination among the audit programme stakeholders, such as the auditors, the auditees, the certification bodies, the accreditation bodies, etc.
Keeping informed the accreditation body on the progress of the audit programme, especially in case of any significant changes, issues, or nonconformities Monitoring and reviewing the performance and results of the audit programme and the audit teams Evaluating the feedback and satisfaction of the auditees and other interested parties Identifying and implementing the opportunities for improvement of the audit programme The individual(s) managing the audit programme are not responsible for the following tasks, which are delegated to the audit team leaders or the auditors12:
Communicating with the auditee during the audit, such as conducting the opening and closing meetings, resolving any audit-related problems, reporting any audit findings, etc.
Determining the legal requirements applicable to each audit, such as the confidentiality, the impartiality, the consent, the liability, etc.
Defining the objectives, scope and criteria for an individual audit, which are derived from the audit programme and agreed with the auditee Defining the plan of an individual audit, which includes the audit schedule, the audit activities, the audit methods, the audit documents, etc.
References:
ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 19-20
NEW QUESTION # 49
An employee caught temporarily storing an MP3 file in his workstation will not receive an IR.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: B
Explanation:
An employee caught temporarily storing an MP3 file in his workstation will receive an IR, because this is also a violation of the organization's information security policy and acceptable use policy. An MP3 file is a type of media file that may contain copyrighted or illegal content, or may introduce malware or viruses into the organization's network. The employee should not store any unauthorized or personal files in his workstation, as this may compromise the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the organization's information assets. Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], [ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements], Example of an information security policy, Example of an acceptable use policy
NEW QUESTION # 50
-------------------------is an asset like other important business assets has value to an organization and consequently needs to be protected.
- A. Data
- B. Infrastructure
- C. Information
- D. Security
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 51
A hacker gains access to a webserver and can view a file on the server containing credit card numbers.
Which of the Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA) principles of the credit card file are violated?
- A. Availability
- B. Confidentiality
- C. Integrity
- D. Compliance
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Confidentiality is one of the Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA) principles of information security that states that only authorized parties should have access to information assets. Confidentiality protects the secrecy and privacy of information from unauthorized disclosure or exposure. A hacker gaining access to a web server and viewing a file containing credit card numbers violates the confidentiality principle, as he or she is not an authorized party and has access to sensitive information that belongs to others. Therefore, the correct answer is B. References: ISO/IEC 27000:2022, clause 3.8; Defining Security Principles - Pearson IT Certification.
NEW QUESTION # 52
Information Security is a matter of building and maintaining ________ .
- A. Confidentiality
- B. Protection
- C. Firewalls
- D. Trust
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Information security is a matter of building and maintaining trust. Trust is the confidence that information and information processing facilities are protected from unauthorized or malicious actions that could compromise their confidentiality, integrity or availability. Trust is essential for establishing and maintaining relationships with customers, partners, suppliers, employees and other stakeholders who rely on the organization's information and services. Trust is also a key factor for achieving compliance with legal, regulatory and contractual obligations, as well as meeting the organization's own information security objectives and policies.
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines information security as "preservation of confidentiality, integrity and availability of information" (see clause 3.28) and states that "the purpose of an information security management system is to provide a framework for managing activities that influence the trustworthiness of information" (see Introduction). References: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Trust?
NEW QUESTION # 53
You are the audit team leader conducting a third-party audit of an online insurance organisation. During Stage
1, you found that the organisation took a very cautious risk approach and included all the information security controls in ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Appendix A in their Statement of Applicability.
During the Stage 2 audit, your audit team found that there was no evidence of the implementation of the three controls (5.3 Segregation of duties, 6.1 Screening, 7.12 Cabling security) shown in the extract from the Statement of Applicability. No risk treatment plan was found.
Select three options for the actions you would expect the auditee to take in response to a nonconformity against clause 6.1.3.e of ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
- A. Revise the relevant content in the Statement of Applicability to justify their exclusion.
- B. Compile plans for the periodic assessment of the risks associated with the controls.
- C. Allocate responsibility for producing evidence to prove to auditors that the controls are implemented.
- D. Incorporate written procedures for the controls into the organisation's Security Manual.
- E. Remove the three controls from the Statement of Applicability.
- F. Implement the appropriate risk treatment for each of the applicable controls.
- G. Revisit the risk assessment process relating to the three controls.
- H. Undertake a survey of customers to find out if the controls are needed by them.
Answer: A,F,G
Explanation:
According to the PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, the auditee should take the following actions in response to a nonconformity against clause 6.1.3.e of ISO/IEC 27001:20221:
* Implement the appropriate risk treatment for each of the applicable controls, as this is the main requirement of clause 6.1.3.e and the objective of the risk treatment process2.
* Revise the relevant content in the Statement of Applicability to justify their exclusion, as this is the expected output of the risk treatment process and the evidence of the risk-based decisions3.
* Revisit the risk assessment process relating to the three controls, as this is the input for the risk treatment process and the source of identifying the risks and the controls4.
The other options are not correct because:
* Allocating responsibility for producing evidence to prove to auditors that the controls are implemented is not a valid action, as the audit team already found that there was no evidence of the implementation of the three controls.
* Compiling plans for the periodic assessment of the risks associated with the controls is not a valid action, as this is part of the risk monitoring and review process, not the risk treatment process5.
* Incorporating written procedures for the controls into the organisation's Security Manual is not a valid action, as this is part of the documentation and operation of the ISMS, not the risk treatment process.
* Removing the three controls from the Statement of Applicability is not a valid action, as this is not a sufficient justification for their exclusion and does not reflect the risk treatment process.
* Undertaking a survey of customers to find out if the controls are needed by them is not a valid action, as this is not a relevant criterion for the risk assessment and treatment process, which should be based on the organisation's own context and objectives.
References: 1: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 36, section 4.5.22:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3.e3: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3.f4: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause
6.1.25: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.2. : ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.5 and 8. : ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3.d. : ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.1 and 4.2.
NEW QUESTION # 54
As a new member of the IT department you have noticed that confidential information has been leaked several times. This may damage the reputation of the company. You have been asked to propose an organisational measure to protect laptop computers. What is the first step in a structured approach to come up with this measure?
- A. Appoint security staff
- B. Set up an access control procedure
- C. Formulate a policy
- D. Encrypt all sensitive information
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
An organisational measure is a measure that involves the establishment of policies, procedures, roles, responsibilities, and structures to manage information security within an organization. Examples of organisational measures include security policies, awareness programs, risk assessments, audits, and incident response plans. A policy is a statement of intent or direction that provides guidance for decision making and actions within an organization. A policy defines the scope, objectives, principles, and roles for information security management. Therefore, formulating a policy is the first step in a structured approach to come up with an organisational measure to protect laptop computers. References: ISO/IEC 27000:2022, clause
3.47; ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 5.2.
NEW QUESTION # 55
What is the worst possible action that an employee may receive for sharing his or her password or access with others?
- A. The lowest rating on his or her performance assessment
- B. Termination
- C. Forced roll off from the project
- D. Three days suspension from work
Answer: B
Explanation:
The worst possible action that an employee may receive for sharing his or her password or access with others is termination, because this is a serious breach of the organization's information security policy and access control policy. Sharing password or access with others may allow unauthorized users to access sensitive or confidential information, or to perform malicious or fraudulent activities on behalf of the employee. The employee should keep his or her password or access confidential and secure, and should not disclose it to anyone under any circumstances. Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], [ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements], Example of an information security policy, Example of an access control policy
NEW QUESTION # 56
Who are allowed to access highly confidential files?
- A. Employees with signed NDA have a business need-to-know
- B. Employees with a business need-to-know
- C. Non-employees designated with approved access and have signed NDA
- D. Contractors with a business need-to-know
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 57
Select the words that best complete the sentence:
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
"In a third-party audit an observation can indicate conformity at organisation is not required to take action." According to the PECB Candidate Handbook1, an observation is "a statement of fact made during an audit and substantiated by objective evidence". An observation can indicate conformity or nonconformity, but it does not require any corrective action from the audited organisation. A recommendation, on the other hand, is "a suggestion for improvement based on an observation". A recommendation may or may not be accepted by the audited organisation.
According to the Fundamentals - Third parties2, a third-party audit is "an audit conducted by an external organisation that has the legal right to audit an organisation's processes and procedures". A third-party audit can result in a finding, which is "a conclusion reached by the auditor based on the audit evidence collected". A finding can be positive or negative, depending on whether the audited organisation meets the audit criteria or not. A nonconformity is "a finding that indicates the non-fulfilment of a requirement". A nonconformity requires corrective action from the audited organisation to prevent recurrence.
NEW QUESTION # 58
Which two of the following phrases would apply to "audit objectives"?
- A. Audit duration
- B. Revising management policy
- C. Auditor competence
- D. Determining conformity
- E. Identifying opportunities for improvement, if required
- F. Checking legal compliance
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
Explanation
The audit objectives are the purpose and scope of an audit, as defined by the audit client and the auditor. According to the ISO/IEC 27001 standard, the audit objectives for an ISMS audit may include determining the extent of conformity of the ISMS with the audit criteria, evaluating the ability of the ISMS to ensure the organization meets its information security objectives, and identifying potential areas for improvement of the ISMS12. References: = 1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 192: ISO/IEC 27007:2011 Information technology - Security techniques - Guidelines for information security management systems auditing, clause 4.2.1.
NEW QUESTION # 59
The following options are key actions involved in a first-party audit. Order the stages to show the sequence in which the actions should take place.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 60
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