Professor: One expert on Norse culture argues that since yarn (fiber thread) samples discovered at non-Norse archaeological sites, those related to the aboriginal Dorset people in the East Arctic, are similar to prehistoric Norse yarn samples, and since spinning was not a part of the technology of northern aboriginal peoples, the Dorset samples constitute proof of contact between these aboriginal people and Norse Vikings. The fact that radiocarbon dating seems to indicate that the Dorset samples predate Norse arrival in the region by centuries is dismissed by the expert as an anomaly attributable to significant problems with the dating of textiles found at Arctic sites. But this position seems questionable, given that Which of the following would, if true, most logically complete the professor's argument above?

• A. for textiles, radiocarbon dating is more accurate than any other dating method
• B. textiles found at other Arctic sites have not been dated with a high degree of precision
• C. the yarn discovered at the Da set sites is spun from the hair of animals indigenous to the area
• D. the dating of the Dorset samples b consistent with that of other artifacts of known age found along with them
• E. numerous ancient American cultures are known to have had spinning technology

Despite the fact that the seeds of certain tropical trees fall mostly around the parent tree, the seeds that land farther from the parent trees of these species have the greatest chance of germinating. One hypothesis is that the effect is caused by rodents eating a larger number of seeds beside the parent tree than seeds in places farther away, but studies have shown that this is not so.
Which of the following, If true, would most help explain the effect described above?

• A. Some tropical trees have winged seeds that tend to prevent them landing beside the parent trees.
• B. Soil microbes that prey on seeds and other biological material from trees of the tropical species in question tend to be densest near those trees.
• C. Tree sprouts from seeds must compete for moisture and nutrients with some of the plant life in their immediate vicinity.
• D. Some plants emit chemicals that are harmful to nearby seeds of other species.
• E. Certain tropical tree species are preferentially colonized by some types of mammals.

Although a substantial body of evidence Indicates that flexible and participative work arrangements make possible significant performance advantages over more traditional centralized and hierarchical structures, the proportion of businesses that have so transformed themselves remains quite small. Why, then, do firms that purport to be rationally acting organizations appear to resist the very methods that would best equip them to achieve their stated goals?
The passage most strongly suggests that most firms aim to

• A. produce more-marketable goods and services
• B. enhance the centralization and hierarchy of their bureaucratic structures
• C. adopt flexible and participative work arrangements
• D. achieve improved performance
• E. adopt innovative routines and production methods

Pete made a trip to the beach, of which 80 kilometers were on highway X.
What was Pete's average speed for the trip?
(1)
Pete's average speed for the part of the trip on highway X was 80 kilometers per hour.
(2)
Pete's average speed for the part of the trip not on highway X was 96 kilometers per hour.

• A. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
• B. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
• C. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
• D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
• E. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.